目的 研究湿热海洋、寒冷低温、干热沙漠3种典型大气环境对300M超高强钢腐蚀行为的影响。方法 通过在万宁、敦煌、漠河开展户外大气暴露试验,采用宏观腐蚀形貌分析、金相分析、腐蚀质量损失研究300M高强钢的腐蚀变化规律。通过拉伸性能分析、疲劳性能分析,研究腐蚀行为对300M高强钢力学性能的影响。结果 暴露试验1 a后,300M超高强钢在湿热海洋大气环境腐蚀严重,腐蚀速率为115.9 μm/a,抗拉强度和断面收缩率分别下降了10.5%和34.1%。在寒冷低温大气环境和干热沙漠环境中,300M超高强钢腐蚀较轻,腐蚀速率分别为7.6、4.0 μm/a,抗拉强度的保持率分别为96.6%和98.4%。腐蚀坑会诱发疲劳裂纹萌生,降低疲劳寿命,在湿热海洋大气环境中暴露0.5 a后,中值对数疲劳寿命曲线为S=-51.39× lgNf+577.57。结论 不同大气环境对300M超高强钢腐蚀的影响差异明显,在湿热海洋大气环境中的腐蚀敏感性最高。腐蚀导致有效承载面积下降,进而使其抗拉强度降低。表面的腐蚀坑极大地影响其疲劳寿命,因此在服役过程中需采取有效腐蚀防护措施。
Abstract
The work aims to study the effects of three typical atmospheric environments including hot and humid ocean, cold and low temperature as well as dry and hot desert, on the corrosion behavior of 300M ultra-high strength steel. The outdoor atmospheric exposure tests were carried out in Wanning, Dunhuang and Mohe. The corrosion variation of 300M high strength steel was studied by macroscopic corrosion morphology analysis, metallographic analysis and corrosion weight loss. The effect of corrosion behavior on the mechanical properties of 300M high strength steel was studied by tensile performance analysis and fatigue performance analysis. After one year of exposure test, the corrosion rate of 300M ultra-high strength steel was 115.9 μm/a, and the tensile strength and reduction of area decreased by 10.5% and 34.1%, respectively. The corrosion rates were 7.6 μm/a and 4.0 μm/a, respectively, and the tensile strength retention rates were 96.6% and 98.4%, respectively, in cold and low temperature atmospheric environment and dry and hot desert environment. Corrosion pits induced fatigue crack initiation and reduced fatigue life. After exposure to hot and humid marine atmospheric environment for 0.5 a, the median logarithmic fatigue life curve was S=-51.39×lgNf+577.57. The corrosion effects of different atmospheric environments on 300M ultra-high strength steel are obviously different, and the corrosion sensitivity of hot and humid marine atmospheric environment is the highest. Corrosion leads to a decrease in the effective bearing area, which in turn reduces its tensile strength. The corrosion pits on the surface greatly affect its fatigue life, so effective corrosion protection measures should be taken during service.
关键词
300M超高强钢 /
湿热海洋 /
寒冷低温 /
干热沙漠 /
腐蚀 /
力学性能
Key words
300M ultra-high strength steel /
hot and humid ocean /
cold and low temperature /
dry and hot desert /
corrosion /
mechanical property
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